stiff

adj.严厉的；僵硬的，坚硬的；呆板的，拘谨的；顽固的

adv.极度地，非常

n.死尸；笨蛋，傻瓜；流动工人；吝啬鬼穷光蛋

vt.诈骗；失信

adj.

不易弯曲 / 活动 difficult to bend/move

1. 不易弯曲（或活动）的；硬的；挺的
   firm and difficult to bend or move
   1. stiff cardboard
      硬纸板
   2. a stiff brush
      硬刷子
   3. The windows were stiff and she couldn't get them open.
      窗户紧，她开不了。

肌肉 muscles

2. 僵硬的；一动就疼的
   when a person is stiff , their muscles hurt when they move them
   1. I'm really stiff after that bike ride yesterday.
      昨天骑了那趟自行车，我觉得浑身酸痛。
   2. I've got a stiff neck .
      我脖子发僵。

混合物 mixture

3. 稠的；难搅动的
   thick and almost solid; difficult to stir
   1. Whisk the egg whites until stiff.
      把蛋清打成稠的。

困难；严厉 difficult/severe

4. 困难的；艰难的；严厉的；激烈的
   more difficult or severe than usual
   1. It was a stiff climb to the top of the hill.
      费了好大劲才爬到山顶。
   2. The company faces stiff competition from its rivals.
      公司遇到对手的激烈竞争。
   3. The new proposals have met with stiff opposition .
      新提案遭到强烈的反对。
   4. There are stiff fines for breaking the rules.
      违反规则要受重罚。
   5. a stiff breeze/wind (= one that blows strongly)
      强风

不友好 not friendly

5. 不友好的；生硬的
   not friendly or relaxed
   1. The speech he made to welcome them was stiff and formal.
      他那番欢迎他们的话讲得生硬刻板。

价格 price

6. 高昂的；过高的
   costing a lot or too much
   1. There's a stiff $15 entrance fee to the exhibition.
      展览会的入场费高达15元。

酒 alcoholic drink

7. 烈性的；酒精度数高的
   strong; containing a lot of alcohol
   1. a stiff whisky
      烈性威士忌

adv.

1. 非常；极其
   very much; to an extreme degree
   1. be bored/scared/worried stiff
      非常厌烦 / 害怕 / 担心
2. （冻）僵；（冻）硬
   very cold and hard because the water has become ice
   1. The clothes on the washing line were frozen stiff.
      挂在晾衣绳上的衣服冻硬了。
   2. I came home from the game frozen stiff (= very cold) .
      我看完比赛回到家里，都快冻僵了。

noun

1. 死尸
   the body of a dead person

verb

1. 诈骗；不还钱；（尤指）不给小费
   to cheat sb or not pay them what you owe them, especially by not leaving any money as a tip

形容词比较级:stiffer 名词复数形式:stiffs 形容词最高级:stiffest

stiff 硬的，僵硬的，生硬的，艰难的

来自古英语 stif,硬的，僵硬的，来自 Proto-Germanic*stifaz,僵硬的，无弹性的，来自 PIE*steip, 压紧，打包，塞满，可能来自 PIE*steu,推，挤，击打，词源同 steep,stoop,stuff.

1. The American aerospace industry has been challenged by some stiff competition.
   美国航空和航天工业已经受到某种强劲的竞争产品的挑战。
2. Inactivity can make your joints stiff, and the bones may begin to degenerate
   长期不活动会导致关节僵硬，骨骼也可能开始退化。
3. Her mouth grew stiff with pain and distress.
   疼痛和悲伤让她嘴巴发僵。
4. Whisk the egg whites until they are foamy but not stiff.
   把蛋清搅至起沫而不黏稠的程度。
5. He got a stiff neck and a sore back from sitting hunched up for so long.
   他因为长时间弓身坐着而脖子僵直，背部酸痛。
6. The pedals seem a bit off-centre and the clutch is rather stiff
   踏板似乎有点偏心，离合器也相当紧。
7. The troops are encountering stiff resistance
   军队遭遇了顽强抵抗。
8. He rubbed his arms and stiff legs
   他按摩着自己的胳膊和僵硬的双腿。
9. He's scared stiff of the relationship breaking down.
   他非常害怕关系破裂。
10. The furniture was stiff, uncomfortable, too delicate, and too neat
    家具又硬又不舒服，太不结实而且太小巧。
11. His waterproof trousers were brand new and stiff
    他那条防水裤崭新笔挺。
12. Her fingers were stiff with cold inside her leather gloves
    她的手指在皮手套里冻得僵硬。
13. Clean the mussels with a stiff brush under cold running water.
    用一把硬刷子在冷自来水下冲洗贻贝。
14. Train doors have handles on the inside. They are stiff so that they cannot be opened accidentally.
    火车车门内侧有把手。把手都很紧，防止意外开启。
15. I'm stiff all over right now — I hope I can recover for tomorrow's race.
    我现在全身酸痛——希望明天比赛时能恢复过来。
16. She looked at him with a stiff smile
    她看着他，脸上挤出生硬的一笑。
17. They always seemed a little awkward with each other, a bit stiff and formal.
    他们在一起似乎总是觉得有点别扭，有点拘谨，不太随意。
18. The film faces stiff competition for the Best Film nomination
    这部电影在角逐最佳影片提名时面临着激烈的竞争。
19. Under Greece's stiff anti-drugs laws they could face twenty years in jail.
    根据希腊严厉的反毒品法律，他们将面临20年监禁。
20. Next morning dawned clear and sunny, with a stiff breeze rustling the trees.
    次日一大早，天空晴朗无云，大风吹得树木沙沙作响。
21. Anna tried to look interested. Actually, she was bored stiff
    安娜努力装出感兴趣的样子。实际上，她腻烦透了。
22. I was scared stiff when I realized what I'd done.
    当我意识到自己的所作所为时，我吓坏了。
23. The outer walls looked likely to tumble down in a stiff wind
    外墙看起来一刮强风就会倒塌。
24. My fingersare numb [ stiff] with cold.
    我的手指冻僵了。
25. The man is getting old and his joints are stiff.
    人老了，关节也硬化了。
26. This man is very stiff [ inflexible].
    这个人好刻板。
27. I looked a bit stiff while they were so lively.
    他们都那样活泼，显得我太板了。
28. Our teacher set us a stiff test in English.
    老师对我们进行了很难的英语测验。
29. There's nothing at all stiff about him.
    他的态度毫无生硬之处。
30. This is too stiff, I can't bend it with my hands.
    这东西太硬，我无法用手把它弯过来。