preliminary

adj.初步的，初级的；预备的；开端的；序言的

n.准备工作；预赛；初步措施；（对学生等的）预考

adj.

1. 预备性的；初步的；开始的
   happening before a more important action or event
   1. After a few preliminary remarks he announced the winners.
      说了几句开场白之后，他即宣布优胜者名单。
   2. preliminary results/findings/enquiries
      初步结果 / 发现 / 调查
   3. the preliminary rounds of the contest
      预赛
   4. pilot studies preliminary to a full-scale study
      全面进行研究前的试验性研究

noun

1. 初步行动（或活动）；预备性措施
   a preliminary is an action or event that is done in preparation for sth
   1. Research will be needed as a preliminary to taking a decision.
      作出决定之前需要进行研究。
   2. I'll skip the usual preliminaries and come straight to the point.
      闲话少说，我就直接进入正题。
   3. England was lucky to get through the preliminaries (= the preliminary stages in a sports competition) .
      英格兰队幸运地通过了预选赛。

名词复数形式:preliminaries

preliminary 初步的，初期的

pre-,在前，早于，-limin,界限，门槛，开端，词源同limit.引申词义初步的，初期的。

1. Some preliminary polls show him out in front.
   一些初步民意调查显示他处于领先位置。
2. A preliminary hearing was due to start today before Mr Justice Hutchison, but was adjourned.
   今天法官哈奇森先生本来要主持一项预审，但暂时休庭了。
3. We have had several preliminary sittings in various poses.
   我们进行了几次预拍摄，摆了各种不同的造型。
4. Preliminary results show the Republican party with 11 percent of the vote
   初步结果显示共和党获得了11%的选票。
5. Preliminary talks on the future of the bases began yesterday.
   昨天开始了关于基地未来的初步讨论。
6. It had taken about ten minutes to cover the preliminaries
   准备工作大概花了10分钟。
7. A background check is normally a preliminary to a presidential appointment.
   总统任命前通常要进行背景审查的准备工作。
8. The winner of each preliminary goes through to the final.
   每场初赛的获胜者进入决赛。
9. It was agreed that another round of preliminary talks would be held in Peking
   经协商，新一轮的预备会谈将在北京举行。
10. A physical examination is a preliminary to joining the army.
    体格检查是参军的初步。
11. They refused to negotiate unless three preliminary requirements were met.
    如果三项先决条件得不到满足，他们就拒绝谈判。
12. He has easily won the preliminary contest for the high jump.
    他轻松地通过了跳高预赛。
13. Create a preliminary draft using a "security from within" and risk-management framework approach.
    使用“内部安全性”和风险管理框架方法创建初步草案。
14. The team hopes to have some preliminary data models this summer.
    研究小组希望在今年夏天建立一些初步的数据模型。
15. Here is our preliminary analysis of VMWare.
    这里是我们对VMWare的初步分析。
16. Then a preliminary study on the application of heat pipe exchanger to ceramic kilns is made.
    并结合陶瓷窑炉，对热管换热器在陶瓷工业中的应用进行了初步探索。
17. As yet, we have only preliminary thoughts on the first question and none to report on the second.
    到现在为止，我们只是初步思考了第一个问题，第二个问题还没有相关的报告。
18. This is a preliminary exploration and has some reference value to estimate the shear wave velocity of this area.
    这是一项初步的探索，对初略估计这一地区的剪切波速值有一定的参考意义。
19. Economic restructuring in2002 made on the basis of preliminary results also climbed to a new level.
    经济结构调整在2002年取得初步成效的基础上又迈上了一个新台阶。
20. The preliminary results of using Trichogramma to control Heliothis armigera had been reported.
    报道了利用赤眼蜂防治棉铃虫的初试结果。
21. Preliminary study is carried out on extracting technique of natural coke of mines whose coal is exhausting.
    作者针对煤炭枯竭矿井的天然焦开采工艺进行了初步研究。
22. A preliminary analysis of regional components was conducted for the Bombus fauna of this Province.
    另外，作者对该地区的熊蜂区系成分进行了初步的分析。
23. Preliminary study on stability of bramble pigment;
    对黑莓干酒酿造工艺进行了研究。
24. A preliminary study is undertaken to establish the viability of the investors or entrepreneur's idea.
    进行了初步研究，建立了投资者或企业家的想法的可行性。
25. First I shall make a preliminary statement.
    首先我要做一个初步陈述。
26. Preliminary achievements were made in the adjustment of some of the major industries through reform, reorganization and transformation.
    通过改革、改组、改造，对一些重要行业进行了调整，取得了初步成效。
27. A preliminary antibacterial evaluation of passion fruit juice was performed in this paper.
    对百香果汁的抑菌活性进行初步研究。
28. The preliminary schedule describes the logic of activities.
    初步时间表描述了活动的逻辑。
29. These numbers represent a point of reference and provide the preliminary data necessary for further research.
    这些数值代表了一个参考值，并为将来进行进一步的研究提供了所需的初步数据。
30. We just released the findings from our preliminary analysis on the cometary side.
    我们刚刚发表了来自彗星尘埃初步分析的发现。